The Works Of Eugene Delacroix - 1266 Words

Eugene Delacroix, born on April 26 1798, was a French painter who had a lot of influence on Romanticism. He studied art at age 17 and academic painter, Baron Pierre-Narcisse Guerin, mentored him. He learned from the romantic Landscapist and used some of their techniques. Early on in his life, he demonstrated the influence that Michelangelo and Peter Paul Rubens, two excellent artists, had on his painting. Delacroix intensely studied Michelangelo’s modeling of figures and the matter of life or death he brought to the canvas. He was also deeply affected by Rubens treatment of color. Romantic artist play around with emotions, divinity found in nature and the sense of creativity or imagination. He developed his own style over the years and had a unique approach with color. His style was to show pain and suffering in his work through bright colored canvases which exploded with energy. Delacroix’s use of color was influential in the development of Impressionist and also of Post-Impressionist painting. His inspiration came mostly from historical or contemporary events or literature, and also the visit to Morocco in 1832 provided him with further exotic subjects. Delacroix Debuted at the Paris salon of 1822 where he exhibited his first painting Dante and Virgil in hell which was inspired by Dante’s Divine comedy but influenced by Michelangelo and Paul Peter Rubens style as I said before. Later on, as his experience keep growing and his style maturing, Delacroix painted â€Å"theShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Romantic Era a.k.a. the Enlightment Era649 Words   |  3 PagesBy the end of the 19th century the romantic era was started. Many artisans took this change to make literature, music, and poetry more emotional and self-embodiment. During this time period artists became famous and inspired many people with their works. Caspar David Friedrich was a famous artist who lived from 1774-1840 in Greifswald, Germany. He was known for painting mediums with watercolors and oils, which is landscape art. Friedrich changed the face of landscape paintings with his intense andRead MoreThe Abduction Of Rebecca Analysis708 Words   |  3 PagesEugà ¨ne Delacroix takes on his own unique style and adds the most striking elements of the sublime Romantic style to every masterpiece. The Abduction of Rebecca is an oil on canvas in Paris that Eugà ¨ne Delacroix painted in 1798–1863 after his trip to Morocco. He was inspired through a novel written by the French Romantics author, Sir Walter Scott. It is a story about the Jewish heroine Rebecca, who had been confined in the castle of Front de Boeuf. In the painting, the fortress is in flames and sheRead MoreDelacroix Of The Renaissance Period702 Words   |  3 PagesRenaissan ce period artist Michelangelo. He studied his work closely, reveling in his study of figures as well as the life, and death, he portrayed on canvas. During the later stages of Eugene Delacroix’s life he was commissioned by the government of France to paint enormous paintings on ceilings of buildings, which made him feel a closeness with the late Michelangelo. It’s said that his intensity rivaled that of Michelangelo as well. Delacroix went so far as to create a portrait painting titled ‘MichelangeloRead MoreEugene Delacroix’s the Massacre at Chios Greek Families Awaiting Death of Slavery vs Kriegeskrà ¼ppel (War Cripples)906 Words   |  4 Pagesin a journal. Very few choose to discard the written or vocal word for brush and canvas, chalk and paper, or any number of artistic mediums at their disposal. Eugene Delacroix and Otto Dix were two such men. Even though their careers blossomed almost a century apart, they shared common ground. Both men chose to speak through their work depicting history with an unfiltered approach. How does a piece of art affect a viewer? Does that piece convey a message effectively to its viewers? Let usRead MoreTheories on War1060 Words   |  5 PagesNegativity comes to mind on the issue of war as it is heard to be brutal or fatal, especially on innocent people and one cannot help but to hope for an outcome of peace or prosperity. Some respectful philosophers such as Mo Tzu, Sun Tzu, Eugene Delacroix, Pablo Picasso, Margaret Mead, Kenzaburo Oe, and Jean Bethke Elshtain can be found writing about their theories on war and peace in the text book, Reading the World: Ideas that Matter by Michael Austin. Over the years the issue of war has not disappearedRead MoreImperialism, The Middle East, And East Asia990 Words   |  4 PagesFrench in the 1830s, and the Crimean War (1853–56). Real life observations of the Orient were grafted upon an extremely deep-rooted perception of the Orient as the a biding observe of the Occident. Supporters of the Romantic Movement, such as Eugà ¨ne Delacroix passionately took up themes of cruelty and violence in Oriental subjects. Delacroix’s Death of Sardanapalus (1827) was inspired by a play by the British Romantic poet George Gordon, Lord Byron. Byron’s expressive drama Sardanapalus may be anRead MoreWomen Of Algiers By Pablo Picasso974 Words   |  4 PagesPablo Picasso painted his version of â€Å"Women of Algiers† 120 years after Eugene Delacroix painted the original in 1834. Those 120 years were full of evolving paint styles, and it can definitely be seen when you look at the two paintings side by side. Although both paintings were painted in different times with different historical context, they still share some similarities, but also some differences. Delacroix painted â€Å"Women of Algiers† in 1834, two years after the French colonization of AlgeriaRead MoreStylistic Comparison Essay examples778 Words   |  4 Pagesstyle of Eugene Delacroixs, Paganini, and the neo-classical style of Jean-Louis Davids, The Emperor Napoleon in His Study. These two portraits reveal a completely different style; however they both represent emotion and passion in their artistic portals. The Romantic style of the 18th century gives us a deepened appreciation of the beauty of art. It leads you to a preoccupation with the genius, the hero, and the exceptional figure and focuses on his passions and inner struggles. Eugene DelacroixRead MoreThe Death of Sardanapalus Analysis1188 Words   |  5 Pagesperfectly in their works and others express elements from different styles in their pieces. The frvdsRomantic art style was a unique art style which drew away from the Neoclassical style, which was predominant. Romantic art was the complete opposite of Neoclassicism. Where neoclassical artists favoured strict forms, rules and reason and logic; Romantic artists strayed away from that form of painting and wanted to express individualism and personal emotions into their pieces. Eugene Delacroix’s The DeathRead MoreComparison Between Eugene Delacroix And Pablo Picasso s Paintings1662 Words   |  7 PagesComparison between Eugene Delacroix and Pablo Picasso’s Pa intings The painting by Delacroix completed in 1834 titled The Women of Algiers, revealed an enriching revelation of Algerian women who were depicted with their distinctive beauty and fashion sense. Delacroix went on a voyage to North Africa where he managed to observe the lifestyle of the people there which later motivated him to come up with the famous painting. It has been speculated that the final work represented an equilibrium between

Is Gender Responsive Training - 1469 Words

Gender responsive training is creating an environment through site selection, staff selection, program development, content, and material that reflects and understands the realities of girls and boys lives and is responsive to their needs and strengths. Its focus is...despite its importance, it faces several issues due to the differential needs between girls and boys. The crime rate for girls has been steadily increasing and gender responsive training is crucial step to address the problem. There is a higher probability of delinquency during adolescence for females. The list below describes the risk factors of girls and young women to be put into the criminal justice system. In the book called, In Guiding Principles for Promising Female Programming: An Inventory of Best Practices (1988): â€Å"she’s poor and has grown up in a neighborhood with a high crime rate†¦been a victim of physical, sexual, and/or emotional abuse or exploitation†¦likely belong to an ethnic group†¦has used and abused drugs and/or alcohol†¦has gone without attention for medical and mental health needs†¦feels that life is oppressive and lacks hope for the future.† Not all women fit this profile, but some fall into this type of category according to some studies that have done limited research on females are at risk of committing delinquency because the above list makes it possible. The females described above seem to be of color that grew up in a poor neighborhood; therefore, they were been abused, exploited,Show MoreRelatedThe Budget Is The Most Important Policy Tool Of Government1024 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough budgets are perceived to be gender-neutral, they are in reality gender-blind . To address the differential impact of government expenditures and revenue on men and women, gender responsive budgeting (GRB) has developed as a strategy to promote gender equality and create accountability for governments to uphold their national policy commitments to women. Since the mid-1980s, UN Women has worked with a few dozen countries to adopt some form of gender responsive budgeting, and with varying successRead MoreA Culturally Responsive Faculty Development965 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelop culturally responsive faculty development programs should examine the foundational principles upon which they are built; they will demonstrate the level of commitment to developing a cadre of culturally responsive educators. Any program, curriculum or agenda that does not have at its core the intention of creating an equitable society for everyone is a tool to maintain hegemonic practices (Gorski, 2008). While there is no set model or format for culturally responsive faculty developmentRead MoreThe Housing of Women in Correctional Facilities: Targeting the Specific Needs of Female Offenders663 Words   |  3 Pageshave remained similar as its geared towards incapacitation, deterrence, retribution, and rehabilitation. 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Attitudes and behaviors shapeRead MoreHr Application Sample740 Words   |  3 Pagesof the ITU. My specific expertise and extensive experience in the conditions of service, compensation system and benefit policies of the UN common system, HR planning, HR policy development and its accountability, workforce planning and budgeting, gender balance and diversity are beneficial for the successful execution of the functions of the above post. My professional career spans over 28 years, including over 18 years at the UN, both at Headquarters and in the field (ICSC, UN/DPKO, UN/DM/OHRMRead MoreGender Differences Within Juvenile Status Offenses1650 Words   |  7 Pages Gender Differences Within Juvenile Status Offenses University of Utah Rachel Brough Juvenile status offenses are minor offenses that only apply to those under the age of 18 such as skipping school or running away from home. Other examples include curfew violations, possession and consumption of alcohol, and possession and use of tobacco. Theories such as the labeling theory and Robert Agnew’s General Strain Theory attempt to explain why females commit juvenile status offenses. AdditionalRead MorePreschool Mission : Education And Learning Environment851 Words   |  4 PagesBrownsville, Oregon BJBee’s Preschool Mission: To promote full and equal participation in the education and learning environment regardless of racial and ethnic background, socioeconomic status, disabilities, sexual orientation, or families of different gender identities. BJBee’s Preschool is committed to valuing diversity by providing equality of opportunity and anti-discriminatory practice for all children and families. We respect and value the linguistic, cultural and religious diversity which exists

Brand Architecture Free Essays

BMW is one of the most recognized premium car manufacturers in the world. Brand associated with quality, class, exceptional design, outstanding performance and innovation. BMW has a well-structured brand hierarchy where at the corporate brand level BMW pioneered the luxury sports car category by combining distinct style and performance consideration. We will write a custom essay sample on Brand Architecture or any similar topic only for you Order Now BMW has a smart positioning with corporate brands and offers a large fleet of models that vary in price, quality and performance. Below is a brief brand- product matrix: Product ModelsEntry level small vehiclesEntry level small sedanLuxury medium SedanSport Coupe convertiblesTop of the line Luxury4WD SUV Recreation Outdoor 1 Mini Series 3 Series 5 Series Z4 6 Series 7 Series X Series Points of parity are that they are luxury vehicles and points of difference are BMW’s performance features. Clear brand positioning and well-differentiated sub- brands shows in 1, 3, 5, 7 series. These brands cover different segments of the market in relation to price, size and quality. New models introduced later to expand the brand portfolio like X3, X5, Z4, M3, and 6 series. The 1 3 series models brought new customers into the company’s brand franchise, with the expectation that later these customers will be switching to higher priced models like 5 and 7 series (design to attracts rich and wealthy business people). BMW’s branding approach helps the company to expand coverage throughout different segments and markets, provide brand protection and minimize overlapping. Each of the sub brand names has a well-defined role and positioning, which does not overlay with the other sub brands. Individually each car model offers unique benefits to its client segment. BMW’s brand hierarchy is characterized well in the firm’s strategy by displaying the mutual characteristics of all BMW cars throughout its portfolio, which are linked with luxury, performance, joy of driving and quality. At the same time there are very clear distinctive features and uncommon characteristics of each of these sub rands revealing their uniqueness and differentiation. For example, the 3series mid size luxury sedan targets drivers that are aged between 25-34 years of age with â€Å"older body but younger in spirit†. These people see driving as an escape from their normal routine, and they are looking for a sedan that has some performance qualities. On the other hand the 7 series models targets the high-end sophisticated business consumers who desire to demonstra te success. I would like to give an example of brand hierarchy for BMW (from top to bottom): corporate (or company brand) is the brand BMW, umbrella brand would be Mini series, the individual brand would be Mini Cooper, and lastly the modifier will be the Clubman model. Clarity and brand awareness is strongly implemented in BMW’s brand. This helps to improve consumer’s understanding about the product range and also communicate clearly the similarities and differences between the different models. BMW have a high level of awareness on recognition and recall. This maximizes the transfer of equity from the brand to the individual models, which improves trials, and leads to repeat purchases. The image is favorable, strong and relevant. The most common association with BMW brand is performance, style and luxury. BMW’s principle in designing their brand portfolio is to maximize market coverage so that no potential customers are being ignored, but on the other hand minimize brand overlap, so that different models from the portfolio are not competing among themselves to gain the same customer’s support. Each sub-brand has its own distinctive target market and positioning. As a result of BMW’s exceptional brand architecture in the last Global 500 brands for 2012 survey, BMW scores very high. From all car manufacturers worldwide they ranked as the second best car manufacturer brand after Toyota (Brandirectory, 2012). References: Bibliography Brandirectory. (2012). Global-500-2012. Retrieved from brandirectory. com: http://brandirectory. com/league_tables/table/global-500-2012/ How to cite Brand Architecture, Papers

The Current Regime Of International Humanitarian Law †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about Whether The Current Regime Of International Humanitarian Law Provides Enough Protection To Either Civilians. Answer: During the last 60 years, civilians are being the main victims of war. As a result, the protection provided to the civilians during armed conflict is the cornerstone of international humanitarian law. Protection provided by extends to the public and private property also. Similarly, the international humanitarianlaw also identifies and protects it particularly vulnerable groups of civilians like women, children and the displaced.[1] During the World War II and a number of conflicts that took place after it, civilians remained the main victims. Although, civilians have always suffered in the event of a war, however the brutal impact of the Second World War, including indiscriminate attacks, mass extermination, hostage-taking, deportations took a heavy toll on the civilians. As a result, the Fourth Geneva Convention was adopted by the international community in 1949. Before it, the Geneva conventions provided protection for the sick, wounded, shipwrecked and captured combatants. Howeve r, the changing nature of the warfare was recognized by the "civilians convention". Therefore legal protection was established for the persons who did not belong to groups of armed forces. This protection also covered civilian property. Later on, this protection was reinforced in 1977 by adopting the Additional Protocols to the Geneva Convention.[2] Therefore, the international humanitarianlaw provides that the civilians who are under the power of enemy forces are required to be treated humanely under all circumstances and without any negative distinction. It provides that the civilians should be protected against all types of violence and degrading treatment, which includes torture and murder. In the same way, in case of prosecution, thelaw provides that they should receive a fair trial, including all the essential judicial guarantees.[3] The protection that has been provided to the civilians also covers those who are trying to help the civilians, for example and political medical units and relief of the managing bodies that are providing essential items like medical supplies, food and clothing. The law requires that the warring parties should provide access to these organizations. Similarly the Fourth Geneva Convention as well as the Additional Protocol I also require that the belligerents should facilitate the working of such organizations. In the same way, even if all the civilians are protected by the international humanitarian law without any type of discrimination, but there are certain groups that deserve special mention. For example, children and women, sex and aged are particularly vulnerable in case of an armed conflict. Similar is the case of the persons who are fleeing their homes and have become refugees or internally displaced.[4] The international humanitarian law does not allow forced displacement of s uch persons by any violence, intimidation of starvation. Generally, in case of an armed conflict, families get separated. Therefore the international humanitarian law requires that all reasonable steps should be taken by the states to prevent it. Similarly, action also needs to be taken in order to reestablish contact between the family by providing information and by facilitating testing activities.[5] In this way, we see that extensive protection has been provided by international humanitarian law, including the Geneva Conventions and additional protocols. However, the problem during the last 50 years is related with application. States as well as the non-State armed groups have failed to respect their obligations adequately. The result is that the civilians continue to suffer extensively in case of nearly each armed conflict. There are certain conflicts where the civilians are particularly targeted and have to face terrible atrocities.[6] This results in ignoring the very foundations of the Geneva conventions, which is the respect for human beings. A recent example of these atrocities can be found in Syria. The term human catastrophe has acquired a particularly profound meaning regarding the situation present in Syria. As a result of the three years of civil war, it is estimated that nearly 150,000 persons have been killed. Similarly, more than 2.5 million persons have fled to neighboring countries from Syria. This amounts to more than 10% of the population of the country. Similarly, there are nearly 9.3 million people in Syria, who desperately need humanitarian assistance and more than 6.5 million persons have been displaced internally. The presence of such 'humanitarian catastrophe' can be described as the trigger point for action that has to be taken in accordance with some doctrines of international law. An example in this regard can be given of the 'Responsibility to Protect' (R2P) doctrine which imposes an obligation on the international community to stop and really yet to such humanitarian catastrophes. At the same time, there are certain international lawyers, as well as States like the United Kingdom that have argued that the international humanitarian law allows exceptional measures which include military intervention in a particular State, for the purpose of avoiding such humanitarian catastrophe.[7] It will be a huge task to document all the violations of the international law that place during the Syrian conflict and probability it could be attempted by the International Criminal Court or a specialist tribunal.[8] However, some of the previous violations of international law that were carried out by the parties to the conflict in Syria have been mentioned below. The rules of international humanitarian law are applicable to the conflict in Syria due to the reason that it is a non-international armed conflict. It was an intense conflict that took place between the government and several well-organized rebel groups.[9] Apart from the international humanitarian law, the international human rights law is also applicable in Syria. For instance, sea is a party to International Convention on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and also to the Convention against Torture. The international law provides that the civilians should not be attacked by the parties to the conflict. A distinction should always be maintained between the civilians and combatants, as well as the military targets and civilian objects. It is also required that the parties to conflict should not undertake 'indiscriminate attacks' that strike the military objectives as well as the civilians without any distinction due to their nature.[10] However, this rule was repeatedly violated by all the parties to the conflict in Syria. Particularly the government forces have used barrel bombs in civilian areas, which results in the violation of the rule of distinction. In this regard, the UN Secretary General had reported in May, 2014 that "indiscriminate aerial strikes and shelling by the government forces caused deaths, injuries and the large-scale displacement of the civilians. The opposition groups also carried out indiscriminate shelling and used car bombs in crowded civilian areas". The international law also prohibits the use of torture. As the prohibition is absolute, the use of torture cannot be justified by the state of emergency or war. According to an Independent International Commission of inquiry for Syria that was established by the UN human rights Council, it was discovered that there was widespread use of torture. Similarly, there were incidents of sexual violence and starvation in the government detention facilities. Similarly, recently there have been rebel groups, like the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham that have also been reported to increase the use of torture of the civilians.[11] In the end, it can be stated that the scale of violations of international humanitarian law in Syria is such that evidence has been found by the Commission of Inquiry, which indicates that there have been a large number of war crimes and crimes against humanity that have to be faced by the victims of this conflict. What crimes are considered as a serious breach of international humanitarian law. In the same way, the crimes against humanity like murder, torture and sexual violence that take place as a part of systematic and widespread attack against the civilian population. The international law provides that such offenses can be tried by the International Criminal Court. However due to the reason that Syria is not a party to the statute of ICC, the International Criminal Court does not have the jurisdiction unless the UN Security Council refers the situation in Syria to it. However, a draft Security Council resolution which referred the situation in Syria to the International Crimina l Court was vetoed by Russia and China. Hence, the risk is still present that crimes against humanity and war crimes will continue to take place in Syria with impunity. As a result of the gravity of this situation, the response of the international community to the crisis in Syria cannot be described as adequate. Bibliography De Guttry, A., F. Capone, Ch. Paulussen (eds.), Foreign Fighters under International Law and Beyond, The Hague, Asser Press, 2016. Gartenstein-Ross, D., N. Barr and B. Moreng, The Islamic State's Global Propaganda Strategy, The Hague, International Centre for Counter-Terrorism, 2016. Gerlach, D., Herrschaft ber Syrien: Macht und Manipulation unter Assad, Hamburg, Edition Krber-Stiftung, 2015. Goldsmith, L.T., Cycle of Fear: Syria's Alawites in War and Peace, London, Hurst Company, 2015. Krieg, A., "Externalizing the Burden of War: the Obama Doctrine and US Foreign Policy in the Middle East", International Affairs, 92 (2016), No. 1, pp. 97-113. Owen, J.M., "Springs and their Offspring: the International Consequences of Domestic Uprisings", European Journal of International Security, 1 (2016), No. 1, pp. 49-72. ?eysane, V. and C. elik, "R2P and Turkish Foreign Policy: Libya and Syria in Perspective", Global Responsibility to Protect, 7 (2015), No. 3-4, pp. 376-397. Sinai, J., "A Framework for Assessing the Mobilization of Westerners by Jihadists in Syria and Intervention Points for Counter-Measures", Perspectives on Terrorism, 10 (2016), No. 3, pp. 45-52. Terry, P., "Germany Joins the Campaign against ISIS in Syria: A Case of Collective Self Defence or Rather the Unlawful Use of Force", Russian Law Journal, 4 (2016), No. 1, pp. 26-60. Walt, S.M., "ISIS as Revolutionary State: New Twist on an Old Story", Foreign Affairs, 94 (2015), No. 6, pp. 42-51.

Biographical Analysis of Aldous Huxleys Brave New World

Introduction Life experiences acted as one of the major inspirations to ancient writers. Many writers came up with different writings to express their experiences and visions. The writers came up with books and articles that tried to warn the society about the effects of their actions, while others tried to educate the society on what it needed to do to better its future.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Biographical Analysis of Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the writers who came up with a novel based on their experiences was Aldous Huxley. Aldous wrote the book Brave New World, which reflects an astounding outlook of the future that on the surface seems more or less humorous (Trimble 21). Nevertheless, Huxley did not intend to portray humor in his book. Actually, it is hard to decipher the message put forward in the book. He predicted that there would emerg e a regime that would strip people of their freedom. Aldous book is fascinating for he paints a picture of a society attached to a pathetic regime, which is of no use to the common person. As aforementioned, Aldous life experiences contributed largely to this writing. This paper discusses how Aldous life experience influenced the content and style the Brave New World book. Aldous background Aldous Huxley was born in1894 to a famous family that was strongly engrossed to England’s scientific and literary customs. His father was the son of Thomas Henry Huxley, a renowned biologist. On the other hand, her mother shared background with Matthew Arnold, a renowned littà ©rateur. Given that he was brought up in a background comprising teachers, writers, and scientists, Aldous got quality education, which allowed him to amass a lot of knowledge. Huxley was a keen learner and during his stint, he was prominent for his intellect and mastery of English (Trimble 28). Moreover, he was ver sed with inventions in the scientific field. In spite of his scientific knowledge being shallow, he was always determined to achieve all that bordered conventional science. His education bordered both science and literature, thus leaving him at a better position to incorporate the contemporary scientific discoveries in his literary works. Influence from life experience Huxley posits, â€Å"Human beings are given free will in order to choose between insanity on the one hand and lunacy on the other hand† (vii). Most of his opinions in the book reflect his views on the effects of scientific and technological advancement on the future society. After monitoring the society for a long time, Aldous learnt that people derived their happiness from things that were not worth being valued. For instance, people were happy to engage in promiscuity, sports, and utilizing mass-produced products. Lenina claims, â€Å"How I loathe intravenals, don’t you† (Huxley 29), which signi fies the level of promiscuity in the society. In pursuit for happiness, the society ended up sacrificing the most crucial fabrics that united it like family, culture, love, and freedom. With an idea of what scientific and technological advancements were, capable of, Aldous came up with the Brave New World as a way of sending a warning to a society that strongly embraced new changes without thinking about the possible repercussions.Advertising Looking for research paper on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Aldous introduces a pleasure-drug, soma. The drug is not actually a utopian wonder drug. Instead, it helps in eliminating hangovers rather than transforming one’s life. After using the drug, Bernard posits, â€Å"It’ll be a failure again† (Huxley 61). This signifies that the drug did not transform him into learning professional. Desire by the society to look for shortcuts in everything i t does compelled Aldous to bring up the idea of pleasure-drug in his book. Bernard Marx took the drug hoping that it would help him become a sleep-learning professional. Nevertheless, it does not. He posits, â€Å"I know it will be a failure again† (Huxley 62) to show that the drug does not meet the intended purpose. Unlike in the past where people engaged in promiscuity, Huxley brings out a new form of promiscuity brought about by scientific and technological advancement. Taking pleasure-drug does not add value to human life in any way. Instead, it triggers an inauthentic and mindless â€Å"moron happiness.† Bernard laments, â€Å"No, the real problem is: How is it †¦if I were free-not enslaved by my conditioning† (Huxley 61). He intended to bring out the negative effects technological and scientific utopia that people were embracing blindly. If Aldous intended to tease instead of fending off emotional primeval with the biological illusion, then he could h ave visualized perfect wonder drugs that enhanced or underpinned our most treasured standards (Postman 45-52). In people’s imaginations, probably they might have been allowed to (through scientific advancements) embrace novel wonders to transform themselves into the romanticized editions of the kind of people would desire to be. In this case, the utopians could have exploited behavioral conditioning to protract, rather than destabilize, a more compassionate culture of elegant humanity and a life well lived. Nevertheless, Aldous had a different idea when writing his book. His wide knowledge in science gave him an insight on the possible effects of future scientific discoveries. He presents Henry claiming, â€Å"Some men are almost rhinoceroses; they don’t respond properly to conditioning† (Huxley 59). This assertion shows that the conditioning may at times be detrimental. Hence, he wrote the book with an aim of warning the society against embracing all manners of scientific utopianism. Huxley predicted that a time would come when the various castes would resist taking soma. John wonders â€Å"†¦aren’t you shortening her life by giving her so much?† (Huxley 104). Huxley showed that people like John had started doubting the benefits of the drug. Besides, his fear is confirmed by Dr. Shaw who answers, â€Å"In one sense, yes† (Huxley 104).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Biographical Analysis of Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Today, Huxley’s predictions are prevalent. Currently, countries have come up with sanctions against numerous mood drugs (Postman 58). Besides, people fear to use even the approved drugs. Many people suffer from mental challenges that can be resolved using clinically approved anti-anxiety and mood-booster drugs. Nevertheless, many fear using these drugs and believe that the drugs might transform them into zombies. This aspect signifies the level of pessimism, which the contemporary society has towards scientific development. The pessimism emerged after the society learnt that scientists had been taking them for a ride by developing drugs that did not meet their prospects. Apart from education, another main factor that played a significant role in writing the Brave New World book was the illness that befell Huxley during his tender age. While still a teenager, Aldous suffered from eye problem that impaired his sight. Huxley had a dream of becoming a doctor. Nevertheless, as his sight continued deteriorating, it became hard for him to pursue his dream. Imaginativeness and sightlessness form part of the themes that defined his writings. In writing the Brave New World, Huxley intended to bring out the level of blindness that was dominant in the society. Lenina asserts, â€Å"Of course they don’t. How can they? They don’t know what itâ₠¬â„¢s like being anything else† (Huxley 50). Lenina signifies the level of complacency within society. His inclusion of pleasure drugs and promiscuity that cloud the society intended to portray the magnitude of blindness that infested the society. People were blindly embracing all sorts of scientific and technological utopians without considering their effects. They believed it would help in eliminating their problems. Lenina asks Bernard â€Å"Why do you not take soma when you have these dreadful ideas. You would forget all about them† (Huxley 62). The society was unaware of the future effects of this utopia and Huxley believed that he had the duty to help it understand the repercussions of its actions. Aldous Huxley was brought up in a background where love and culture were the social fabrics uniting the society (Smith 12). Families were united and the parents encouraged their children to study and practice all that was right. Mustapha Mond mutters, â€Å"Try to real ize what it was like to have a viviparous mother† (Huxley 26), which underscores the value a family had in the past. As the society continued to advance both scientifically and technologically, Huxley learnt that people were gradually doing away with the critical social fabrics that united society. Love and culture was gradually transforming into immorality and individualism. Huxley wrote the book to send a message that the continued technological and scientific advancements would rob the society of one of the most coveted thing, viz. love.Advertising Looking for research paper on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He writes, â€Å"Try to imagine what living with one’s family’ meant† (Huxley 27). He used satire to bring out the negative effects of civilization in a way that his readers would understand. The utopian happiness brought by scientific and technological advancement hinged on sacrifice, and to realize it, the society had to part with religion, art, and love. After enjoying parental love during his early age as well as the love of her wife in his later age, Huxley believed that love was the most critical aspect that kept the society together. However, he felt that the demands presented by civilization were likely to tear apart love in society. He sought to sustain love within the society by showing how sexual promiscuity (brought about by civilization) demeaned love. Prior to the onset of civilization, both men and women fancied each other. Besides, they preserved sex since they believed that misusing it would mean dishonoring one another. Nevertheless, civilizati on allowed people to misuse sex thus treating women like prostitutes. In his book, Huxley introduced the idea of the caste system to signify the division that was likely to emerge due to scientific and technological advancement. Mr. Foster asserts, â€Å"We also predestine and condition. We decant our babies as socialized human beings, as Alphas, or Epsilons, as future sewage workers or future directors of Hatcheries† (Huxley 11). The affluent people in the society would require the poor to work in their industries, farms, and homes. Hence, they would use all means to ensure that other people did not acquire education, which could liberate them from poverty. Mr. Foster confesses, â€Å"But in Epsilons we don’t need human intelligence† (Huxley 47), which proves that the affluent can ensure that the poor do not get education so that they remain their slaves. According to Huxley, other castes developed the attitude of respecting Alphas who â€Å"work much harder t han we do, because they’re so frightfully clever† (21). In this context, Alphas was the caste in the upper echelon, which symbolized the rich and educated. Aldous came from an educated background. Hence, he had an idea of how the educated had the power to influence the uneducated. At some point, Mr. Foster claims, â€Å"Our colleagues upstairs will teach them to love it† (Huxley 13), which proves that the rich have the capacity to make the poor submit to all their demands. His physical blindness compelled him to expose the level of blindness towards science and technology that existed in the society. People believed that technological advancement would have positive effects on their lives. However, according to Brave New World, scientific and technological advancements were meant to benefit the affluent at the expense of the poor. Huxley felt obliged to enlighten the society on this issue since he had the knowledge. Conclusion Writers rely heavily on their life e xperience when coming up with literary works. While some writers use their experience to enlighten or warn the society, others use it to castigate certain values brought about by civilization. One of the factors that influenced Huxley’s writing was his educational background and knowledge in science. He used this experience to enlighten people on the dangers of embracing a utopian society. Another factor that influenced his writing was the blindness that affected him at a tender age. He felt that the society was blind about the dangers of civilization and he had the duty to open their eyes. His book aimed at helping the society to understand the dangers associated with civilization. Works Cited Huxley, Aldous. Brave New World, New York: Buccaneer Books, Inc., 1946. Print. Postman, Neil. Amusing Ourselves to Death: Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business, New York: Penguin, 1998. Print. Smith, Grover. Letters of Aldous Huxley, New York: Harper Row, 1969. Print. Trimble, John. Writing with Style: Conversation on the Art of Writing, New York: Prentice Hall, 2000. Print. This research paper on Biographical Analysis of Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World was written and submitted by user Adalyn Rivers to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Great Migration essays

The Great Migration essays During the early decades of the twentieth century, African Americans left the South in growing numbers, migrating North, with hopes of leaving a life behind that was dictated by racism, Jim Crow law, disenfranchisement, and violence based on hatred of black skin. With dreams of new opportunities for economic self-sufficiency, political participation, integration and freedom from racial violence, African Americans were soon to be met with resistance from Northern whites and middle-class blacks who perceived the migrants as representing a black mass who would change the face of the northern urban landscape forever. The immediate result of the influx of African Americans into urban areas of the North was the eruption of violence during the 1919 race riots, which tore the Chicago apart. Headlines proclaiming a sense of horror, disdain and humor in white-oriented newspapers provided evidence of white response to the arrival of migrating African Americans into Northern cities that had remained predominantly white. There was a growing tension that suggested that there was a need for whites to engage in efforts to control African Americans as they moved into the North and to engage in violence against them out of perceived necessity due to their intrusive presence which stirred up feelings of fear and insecurity on the part of whites. In Chicago, which gained over fifty thousand migrants between 1910 and 1920, fear was brimming and evident on the part of whites. While African Americans did not experience massive benefits upon their arrival in the city, they gained some sense of greater dignity and pride as they began attempting to settle into the urban area. However, numerous obstacles were present and intended to prevent African Americans from gaining full access to benefits enjoyed by whites. In 1874, Illinois had legally abolished school segregation and desegregated pub...

Discuss the views of Socrates and Plato in regards to what the best Essay

Discuss the views of Socrates and Plato in regards to what the best political system should be - Essay Example Democracy can be defined through its features: privacy, equality, affirming freedom and diversity. According to Socrates democracy is not good enough for an ideal republic. Socrates describes democracy as whimsical and with no stable character. Through this, Socrates paints a democratic state as unstable state that is in the act of doing the good thing and bad things whenever they feel like. According to Socrates, democratic states are so subject to things that are not necessary (Jowett and Plato 68). According to Socrates, democracy is hostile to all forms of authority. This is from the fact that one of the pillars that define democracy is freedom. Therefore an authority of any form will automatically be viewed as an attempt to limit freedom (Mara 43). Socrates says that democrats will prefer to die than to submit to authority. Socrates gives the situation where students start to disobey their teachers since they don’t want any form of authority. Plato views a republic to be determined by â€Å"Good Life.† To Plato, â€Å"Good Life† is a kind of harmony that is reached through the application of pure reasoning and justice with the product being a more perfect good life possible. In explaining this, Plato compares the operation of a society and an individual being (Jowett and Plato 58). Plato supposed that human beings have the same features and performs the same functions as city-states. That is a human being is similar to trees, buildings and other physical materials that make a city. Thus each human being is a complex structure made of different parts that has distinct roles. In addition, Plato believed that the human soul has three parts: reason, desire and emotion. He uses this to elaborate that one can’t do things with a part of his soul or the whole soul. According to Plato, accepting and pursuing one thing is opposite to the rejection and avoidance of the same thing and since they are opposite forces they can’t belong to the same part of the

Movie reflection Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reflection - Movie Review Example His perceived knowledge in social structures, including interactions with the minority groups, have enabled competencies to survive, and to assist the Hmong community, who he happens to reside within the same neighborhood. These diversity issues, especially contending with the Hmong gangs and characters who were generations’ younger, impact society in terms of communicating the need to effectively apply appropriate interventions when interacting with them. As observed, knowledge and experience were plus factors in preventing conflicts or chaos to ensue. In addition, skills developed through life were recognized as crucial factors to assist younger generation to learn and cope with challenges in life; especially when the members of the younger generation are also members of a minority group. Likewise, as evidenced from the Hmong community, despite being recipients of racial overtures, they manifested resilience and strength to survive and assimilate in the American culture. The impact of these behavior could be positive (adaptation and adjustment) or negative (creating chaos through gangs and criminal activities), which need more focused social, legal, and political interventions through stricter legislations, as

The Meaning of Learning to Write Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

The Meaning of Learning to Write - Essay Example Gradually I have become accustomed to noting down stories or encounters I suppose are worth my precious whiles and record, taking plenty of concrete and accurate details into account. In the process, I have felt a significant degree of improvement as I proceed writing with the spontaneous fluidity of thoughts. Since I typically make it a point to use a thesaurus and acquire constant engagement in reading literature, I keep discovering ways to write in a more creative manner. With an increased level of creativity and enriched vocabulary, I observe being capable of effective self-expression when conveying sentiments and ideas through writing. Such joy and fascination lead me to establish writing as a hobby or a form of diversion by which to escape into a world of wonders and possibilities yet unknown. To an extent, it has even brought me to find delight in composing essays and poems I savor reading as well. Currently, however, due to rapid growth in the field of information technology where further developments have continuously led to the expansion of social networking, I am at this stage of literacy confronted with a new set of challenges in writing. I see that the more I make electronic connections, the more that I gain access to various resources of learning. The diversity of the information obtained enables me to realize both my strong and weak areas in writing. Through the social networking site, for instance, I can often take the opportunity to view literary works by several different authors from whom to determine a certain standard or basis with which to evaluate my compositions and figure how else I may improve on my writing skills at the thought of present demands, trends, and whether former conventions can be made to suit our modern level of thinking and attitude. More exposure to the worldwide web means more insights from people all over the world who can surf the internet and share ideas that reflect the substance of their cultures. This way, I beli eve that there would be other perspectives available by which to equip me with rich knowledge pertaining to the language and literature of other societies or ethnic groups. I recall a friend whose writing style is nearly based on the general manner of her oral speech and there occurs much to be understood about her background just by looking at the narrative structure of her work via the peculiar use of terms and construction of sentences. It may be inferred herein that socio-cultural influences affect a person’s writing approach because then external factors bear an impact on the mind of a writer. In my case, I have had a number of attempts in experiencing techniques by other people and it appears, unless I feel or comprehend their situation, not a single strategy would work considering how our frames of references differ from each other.

Market Development Strategy Implementation For MS

Market Development Strategy Implementation For MS Marks Spencer is the UKs top retailer and is listed in the FTSE 100 of London Stock Exchange. The company has expanded its business in many different global markets. The organization has its products and services in the food, clothing, hosing, and financial service businesses. The assignment is based on the business strategies used by the firm to grow its business in the current global and domestic market. The assignment is based on how the author analyzes individual product line (Strategic Business Units) and their overall business by using business tools like Stakeholder Analysis, Porters 5 Forces Analysis, Value Chain Analysis, BCG Matrix and Ansoff Matrix. After collecting the necessary date from the respective business tools the date is processed and used to draw new Business Strategies for MSs businesses. Once the business strategies are drawn then the author can make plans on how to apply them in MSs businesses. The new business strategies will help MS to improve their busine ss processes and help them to expand their businesses in new markets. Marks Spencers has many strategic intends to achieve its Vision. They are the number one retailers in UK so the management has adopted new milestones on how to conduct business by causing less damage to the environment. They have started their project Plan A in which the firm will try to minimize the damage to the environment as less as possible by their business processes. One of the most important milestones is to maintain existing customers and gain new customers for their products, for which they have special offers and schemes in form of membership cards, free shipping charges in domestic market and discounts during special occasions for their loyal and new customers. They have started conducting their business online with help of new ICT systems which has helped them increase their sales and serve their customers more effectively and efficiently. They also have many quality controls and strategies to improve their business processes and maintain their position in domestic and international markets. Marks Spencer has six main objectives which are Profit Maximization, Increase Sales, Market Leadership, Offering High Quality Services, Growth and Reward Shareholders. Profit Maximization is the most important objective of MS. The management has made plans to maximize their profits by increasing their revenues from all different business ventures and by cutting their cost by avoiding wastage of resources (raw material, labor, etc). Marks Spencers profit in last two years was in 2009 it was 506.8 Â £m and in 2010 it was 523.0 Â £m. Increasing Sales is also one of the most important business objective of MS. In order to increase sales they have expanded their business ventures globally by entering new markets and by upgrading their products with quality controls and tests they are able to satisfy their existing customers and attract new customers for their different business ventures. MS is able to increase its turnover from 8,164.3 Â £m in the year 2009 to 8,567.9 Â £m in the ye ar 2010. Market Leadership is one of the business objectives of MS, MS is the largest retailer in UK and so one of its business objectives is to maintain market leadership by constant reviewing of their previous performance and of their competitors. They have drawn plans on how to become the leaders of international markets by diversifying and improving their products according to the taste of the local customers. MS has made constant efforts to compete with the local competitors in international markets and their international turnover has increased from 897.8 Â £m in the year 2009 to 968.7 Â £m in the year 2010. High Quality Services is one the business objectives of MS, they have always maintained a high standards in quality of goods and services which has kept them on top of the UK retailers for many decades. The management is making new plans on how to evaluate and improve their services and goods to maintain their high standards to which other companies can compare and impro ve their performances. Growth is one the important business objectives of MS as the management understands the importance of growth that is if the firm doesnt grow it will not survive in todays competitive markets. Marks Spencer has made maximum expansions from the year 2001 after a new board was setup. MS has expanded its business by giving franchise to local people in different countries and has successfully expanded its business in more than 35 countries globally. Reward Shareholders is also an important business objective since its a listed public company in London Stock Exchange. It is in FTSE 100 list and like all the other companies MS has declare dividends every year based on their profits in order to keep a healthy relationship with their shareholders. The shareholders are the backbone as they have invested huge amount of liquid wealth through IPOs in MS to allow the firm to carry out its business with calculated risks. The Threat of Entry is one of the key areas in which the firm requires unique strategies on how to stop the new firms from entering their market segment. The firm either has slash down their prices to an extend that new firms cannot enter their market or have such a strong brand value that the customers stay loyal to their products. MS is able to maintain its brand loyalty and maintain itself as UKs number one retailer giant. MS has planned a long term strategy for growth which hinders new firms to enter in its market segment. The firm is thus successfully in this area of business. The Power of Buyers is the area of business that deals with how the firm satisfies its customers with products which are of better quality and are at lower price range. The customers have the bargaining power as there are large retail giants like Tesco, Sainsbury, Asda (Wal-Mart), etc to cater their needs. The quality and price range of MSs goods and services is still better than the rest retail giants so they are able to keep customers loyal to their products. The Power of Suppliers is the area in which the firm deals with its suppliers for its raw material. MS has supplies only from local suppliers and since they are few in number MS has less negotiation power. The suppliers of MS enjoy the power of controlling price of the raw materials. This is one area where the firm can really improve its business process by shifting their manufacturing units to places where the number of suppliers is more and they can have a better chance of bargaining with their suppliers. The Threat of Substitute is area of business that deals in planning on how to avoid customers from switching into new products. MSs management and RD department are responsible in upgrading their products so that the customers remain satisfied and not switch over to an alternative product made by its rivals. The RD department is so efficient in its work that not only they are able to satisfy their existing customers but als o attract new customers to their product line. Competitive Rivalry is the area of business in which the firm keeps a close check on its rival firms and plans on how to compete with them in a competitive market in a profitable manner. MS is able to maintain high standards of goods and services which allowed them to stay as the largest retail giant till date in UK. MS has used the BCG matrix from time to time and have used the data wisely. The matrix has helped them to penetrate in new and old markets with various new products and services. The products of MS are able to capture huge markets in high growing industries. MS has a diverse range of products and services so they have allocated their resources in the star products. They have opened many new outlets in prime areas for retail and helped their question mark products in becoming star products. MS has expanded their business globally so their star products are able to capture new markets easily. MS management has minimized their dog SBUs and has diversified those funds towards star products. This has helped the firm to be at the top of the retailers in UK and a major competitor in other international markets. Currently MS has only cash cow and star SBUs in market. The cash cows are not giving much return due to the recession and slow growth of global market but the star products are doing exceptional well because of their high reputation. The BCG matrix helps the firm understand their products life cycle and allocation of resources in the SBUs. BCG matrix has been one of the most important business tool for MS in analyzing their performance from time to time http://www.scribd.com/doc/24329524/Introduction 3.2 Ansoff Matrix Igor Ansoff had invented the Ansoff Matrix in 1941 and was first published in 1957 in Harvard business review. The Ansoff Matrix is a strategic marketing tool that links a firms marketing strategy with its general strategy and outlines the options open to the firm if they wish to grow, improve profitability and revenue. These options indicate to how to manage the development of the product range. It mainly presents four alternative growth strategies in a table (matrix) which are market penetration, market development, product development and diversification. Market Penetration is a growth strategy for existing products in existing market. The company tries to increase its market share by increasing the sale of its existing product in its current market by using new marketing strategies. Market Development is a growth strategy for developing new markets for existing products. The main objective is to find new markets domestic or international for the firms existing product. Product Development is a growth strategy for new product in existing markets. The firm has to develop new products and launch them in their current market to capture market share. Diversification is a growth strategy for new products for new markets. The firm has to launch new products for new markets in order to expand their business in different markets. This is one of the most important growth strategy as the company has to study the taste of new customers and design their products in order to capture market share of a new market. Marks Spencer uses Ansoff Matrix to analyze their overall business portfolio. Since MS is one of the largest retailers in global market they use all the four growth strategies of Ansoff Matrix in their business. Market Penetration is used by MS to attract customers and make them loyal to their brand by offering good quality and services. They have special offers and customer loyalty programs during special occasion which helps them to attract new customers. The firm has opened many outlets in their captured markets in order to increase sales of their existing products. Product Development is one of the main growth strategies used by MS, the firm develops it new products according to the change in fashion. This has helped the firm to grow rapidly over the years. Market Development is also a growth strategy practiced by MS as they are expanding their business globally. The firm has opened many new outlets in many other countries over the world. Their products have such high demand tha t they are able to expand their business in many countries. MS is a cash rich company therefore it can easily capture new emerging markets by opening new outlets at prime areas in different counties. Diversification as a growth strategy is also used by MS as they develop new products for new customers to cater their needs. The RD department of MS is highly efficient in developing new products for new targeted markets of the firm. MS when enters new market they modify or make their products according to the taste of their new customers. MS uses both Ansoff BCG Matrix to analyze their business processes and to draw up business strategies for growth in existing and new markets. The analyzed data is used effectively by the management and MS is growing its business over the years successfully. Develop evaluate possible alternative strategies for the organisation you have chosen. 4. Alternative Strategies Growth Growth strategies are adopted by companies when they try to win large market share, even at the expense of short-term earnings. The growth strategies can be classified into four types and they are market penetration, product development, diversification and market development. Marks Spencer also has to use alternative strategies to grow their business in this competitive world market. The management has to use all of their resources to plan new strategies on how to utilize their current products, current markets, new products and new markets, in order to ensure there is maximum business growth. 4.1 Alternative Strategies used by Marks Spencer Marks Spencer uses a mixture of many strategies to draw up plans for growth. MS having a diverse business can use many strategies to expand their business in domestic and in international markets. The strategies used are market development strategies, market penetration strategies, product development strategies, and diversification strategies. 4.1.1 Market Development Strategies Marks Spencers management can grow their business by using market development strategies in which they can expand their business in new countries. The products of MS are of high quality therefore their reputation can help the firm easily grow into new markets. The brand value of MS can even help the firm to venture into new market segment and attract new customers as the products are of good quality and are placed at competitive prices. The food, clothing and house ware businesses of MS can use this strategy to grow and reap huge benefits for the company. 4.1.2 Product Development Strategies MS uses Product Development Strategy for its house ware, food and clothing business. In food business MS has changed the packaging to cater the needs of customers who buy in bulk and in small quantity. In clothing line they introduce a new collection according to the change in fashion to attract customers to their clothing business. House ware being the largest business the firm is launching new products frequently to remain at the top of other retailer in UK. 4.1.3 Market Penetration Strategies MS uses Market Penetration strategies for all of existing businesses. This strategy has helped MS to remain at the top of all the retailers in UK. The clothing and food business use strategies like customer loyalty and value improvement strategies whereas the hose ware and financial service businesses use market share growth strategies to grow business. 4.1.4 Unrelated Related Diversification Strategies Relative diversification is the development of a new product line for the new market. Related diversification is of two types horizontal and vertical. Horizontal diversification is development of a product which is an alternative to your current product and Vertical diversification is when the company becomes its own supplier or distributor. Unrelated diversification is the development of a new product which has no relation to the market or the industry in which the firm conducts its current business. MS uses relative diversification strategies for its food and clothing business. For both businesses it uses horizontal diversification strategy by which it develops new food and clothing products as per the change in taste and trend of the people. Recently MS has started its business in Financial Service area this is a complete new business therefore the growth of these services are planned by unrelated diversification strategies. Therefore the firm has used many strategies to diversify and expand its business in order to sustain in the competitive market. The selection of strategies by the management has helped the firm to reap exceptional benefits and has helped the firm to maintain its position at the top of all the retailer giants in UK. The strategies used in global markets have also been successful and the growth rate of the firm is tremendous in foreign markets. The products and services are of high net worth therefore the firm can easily use the planned strategies to grow their business in local and international markets. Outline an implementation plan for the chosen strategies in question 4. 5. Growth Strategies Implementation for Marks Spencer Many of the plans for the strategic growth discussed before are already implemented by the firm. New plan for expansion in new markets (market development) is to be drawn and implemented to ensure strategic growth for clothing business. 5.1 Market Development Strategy Implementation for MS MS has to develop and implement strategic plans for capturing markets in different countries. MS has already expanded its business in many countries and their products are capturing huge market shares. Seeing tremendous international growth MS should capture new markets as their products are of good quality. The new markets will help the clothes business grow internationally and MS brand image will further appreciate. The steps for planning market development strategies are planning, organization structure, human resources, annual business plan, monitoring and control and linkage. Planning is the first step for developing a market developing strategies. The firm has to first decide which new market they should capture and what product line they should launch for their new market segment. A detailed research on the taste of their new customers needs to be conducted and then accordingly the firm needs to launch their existing or new product line. Organizational Structure needs to be decided by the firm before they layout their business foundation in the new market. Usually the firm gives franchise to the local people to open new store in new countries, this step helps in minimizing risk and the management is in the hands of the franchise holder. The firm still has control over the layout of the store and pricing of the products. Human Resources of every new store is taken care by the franchise holder but MS organizes workshops to train and help the workers to develop new skills. This helps MS to have employees which can cater the need of their customers effectiv ely. Annual Business Plan helps the firm to estimate or forecast their sales in the new market. The firm and the franchise holder have to allocate resources according to the annual business plan in order to ensure business growth. Monitoring Control is a crucial step in making the new business successful. MS has to monitor how the employees are trained to serve their new customers. The firm has to check if the products are properly displayed in their new stores. They have to carry out regular surveys to check the preference of the people and develop new products based on the analysis of the data collected. The firm has to give franchise to the people who will conduct business ethical or else their brand value will decline in that market segment. Linkage is when the firm keeps a close check on all the activities and makes sure that all the processes are conducted in the decided sequence regularly to ensure business growth. Linkage MS can use this growth strategy to develop a new market and by implementing this strategy it can grow its business in many part of the world. One of the business objective of MS is to grow therefore growing in international market is really profitable as MS has made constant efforts to compete with the local competitors in international markets and their international turnover has increased from 897.8 Â £m in the year 2009 to 968.7 Â £m in the year 2010. The international market of MS has shown a tremendous growth and so MS should make full use of this plan and grow its business in new markets. This plan also gives the firm the advantage of developing new products for their new market segments. The brand image has helped the firm to grow in many new markets therefore MS should utilize this growth strategy to develop new markets. Conclusion Quinn (1980, pg. 3) defines Business Strategy as the pattern that integrates an organizations major goal, policies and action sequences into a cohesive whole. A well formulated strategy helps to marshal and allocate an organizations resources into unique and viable posture based on its relative internal competencies and shortcomings, anticipated changes in the environment and contingent moves by intelligent opponents. The author has used many business measuring tools (BCG Matrix, Ansoff Matrix, Porters 5 Forces Analysis, Value Chain Analysis, Stake holder analysis, etc) appropriately to collect relevant data on each of the SBUs and on overall business. The data was processed and used to form new alternative growth strategies for MS. The growth strategy if used by the firm can help them expand their business and also to develop new product lines for new markets. Therefore the business strategies suggested by the author in the assignment are relevant for the firm if they want to grow their business in current global market and retain their position at the top of UKs retailer list. Reference List Books Referred Mooij, M, 2009. Global Marketing and Advertising, 3rd Edition. SAGE John, R, Gillies, G, 1996. Global Business Strategy. Cengage Learning EMEA. Johnson, 2008. Exploring Corporate Strategy. Pearson Education India. Johnson, G, Scholes, K, Whittington, R, 2006. Exploring Corporate Strategy, 7th Edition. Financial Times. Websites Referred History Introduction of MS taken (online), Available at: http://corporate.marksandspencer.com/aboutus/company_overview (Accessed 15th April, 2011) Mission Vision taken (online), Available at: http://www2.marksandspencer.com/thecompany/our_stores/world.shtml (Accessed 15th April, 2011) Definition of Strategic Intent taken (online), Available at: http://dilipnaidu.wordpress.com/2010/05/06/strategic-intent/ (Accessed 15th April, 2011) Objectives of MS taken (online), Available at: http://bizcovering.com/major-companies/a-case-study-on-marks-and-spencer/2/ (Accessed 15th April, 2011) MS 5 Years Records taken (online), Available at: http://corporate.marksandspencer.com/investors/fin_highlights/five_year_record (Accessed 16th April, 2011) Stakeholder Analysis taken (online), Available at: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/stakeholder.html (Accessed 16th April, 2011) Porters 5 Forces Analysis (online), Available at: http://www.1stessays.com/samples/businessanalysis.pdf (Accessed 16th April, 2011) BCGs Matrix taken (online), Available at: http://www.managementstudyguide.com/bcg-matrix.htm http://www.scribd.com/doc/24329524/Introduction (Accessed 17th April, 2011) Ansoff Matrix taken (online), Available at: http://www.ngfl-cymru.org.uk/ansoff_matrix-2.pdf http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/Ansoff-matrix.html (Accessed 17th April, 2011) Alternative Growth Strategies taken (online), Available at: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/growth-strategy.html http://paulcurtis.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/growthstrategymatrix.jpg?w=500h=446 (Accessed 17th April, 2011)

The Time Machine :: essays research papers

Chapters 1 and 2 Summary The Time Traveller is in his home, speaking to a group of men that includes the narrator. He is lecturing on the fourth dimension. He tells them that a cube exists not only in space, but also in time. Time is the fourth dimension. Many of them are skeptical. The Time Traveller claims that one should be able to move about in the fourth dimension just as one can move about in the other three. After all, he notes, we are constantly moving forward in time, why not move faster or slower or even backward? He produces a miniature time machine, the size of a clock, made of ivory and crystal. The Time Traveller explains that one lever sends the machine into the future and the other one sends it into the past. He asks one of the guests to push the forward lever, and the machine disappears in a small gust. He claims that the machine is now gliding forward into the future. The guests ask why they cannot still see it, since they too are moving into the future, and the Time Traveller explains that it is moving forward too quickly to be seen, like the spokes of a wheel or a speeding bullet. The guests are amazed. The Traveller then shows them a much larger machine, with which he plans to explore time. The narrator concludes that not many of the guests believed the Time Traveller, as he was a very intelligent man, likely to play elaborate pranks. The narrator returns to dinner at his house the next week. The guests include some of the men from the previous week and some new guests. They have been instructed to begin dinner without their host. When he enters, he is incredibly dusty and dishevelled. He quickly drinks some champagne, then goes to wash up. The narrator suggests to the other guests that their host has been travelling in time. The others are incredulous and make sarcastic remarks in reply. When the Time Traveller is finally ready to tell his story, the guests quickly raise objections. The Time Traveller says that he has no energy to argue and will speak only if everyone agrees not to interrupt. The guests agree, and sit in increasingly rapt attention as the story begins. Chapters 3 and 4 Summary The Time Traveller gets on his machine and pushes the forward lever just a little. He feels a dizzying sensation, and when he looks at the clock in his lab he sees that five hours have passed. He then presses the forward lever a bit more.

The Assassin – Creative Writing

He stood alone in the dilapidated old home. The shadows were gathered and the man in the moon was screaming in agony. His face was expressionless, with eyes as sharp as a spinning needle, His skin was pasty white. The television emitted a soft glow upon his face, highlighting his pupils. In his hand, was as blade, long and sharp, The very point was shimmering as he slid the cloth up and down the side of the machete-like knife, he pulled his slimy, greasy lips back over his yellow stained teeth and smiled. He sat in his armchair in front of the television and slid the knife into the holder around his waist. Then a loud ringing pierced the silence, He picked up the receiver and a shadowed, scratchy voice began to give him details; â€Å"11:45, Elm Street,† He carried on, â€Å"He's a â€Å"6'2†³ft dark haired guy; He will be wearing a suit and will be carrying a gun†. He was waiting for one last detail â€Å"à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½16,000†. Then he dropped the phone and looked at the clock, â€Å"10:55pm† He left for Elm Street. The night was cold; snow fell gently, giving the road a smooth, white blanket. The car engine purred as he sat waiting and watching. The victim was seen, the engine was stopped. He stepped out of the car and began to walk to where the victim's car was parked. Both men were headed to the parked car. The victim was a middle-aged man, shivering in the cold. When they both reached the car, the Assassin walked up to the victim from behind. There was a flash of steel, a blood boiling scream and a final splash of blood. Then there was silence. 6 Weeks later. Punchenello's hotel. It was old and beaten up. Most of the guests were drug addicts, drug dealers or prostitutes. On the top floor were two men; the first was Mr.Punchenello and the other was one of his men, Jack Finito, † He took out Louie, cut a great hole n his back.† â€Å"We gotta get this guy boss† Louie Punchenello was getting frustrated, â€Å"Ok, ok, ok! I know just the guy to pop him, leave it to me† Punchenello sounded confident that his man would take care of business. Back at the Assassins home, he was shining his blade when he received a letter that read. Dear Mr.Payne I know of your recent doings. 6 weeks ago you did a little job for someone, now I need you to do a job for me. Come to Punchenello's hotel tonight at eleven if your not there, we will come find you. We need your skills Max, 11'o clock. Yours Jack Finito The letter sounded fishy so Max would have to have a little more firepower, just in case. Max went to see a man called Alex Gigoni A.K.A â€Å"Ammo† he supplied Max with more than a knife. A colt commando, pump-action shotgun and a few Molotov Cocktails. The clock hit 10'o clock and Max was preparing his weapons, shining his blade. The time flew by and it was soon â€Å"10:35† and Max was on his way. The car engine died and he stepped out, In front of the hotel. He knocked firmly on the door and Jack Finito opened it â€Å"Come in Mr.Payne, your late†. The room was suddenly filled with men, all armed and pointing their guns towards Max. Reacting almost immediately Max dived out of the room while hurling a Molotov Cocktail into the room. The bottle hit the floor with a crack and a burst of flames flooded the room, it was like a bottle of fire had been opened. Max stood at the door of the blazing inferno, pulled out dual Berrettas waiting for men trying to get out of the smoke; there were no survivors. Max had been set a trap, but he hadn't taken the cheese, so he was going after the rat, Punchenello at the top floor of the hotel. The elevator obviously hadn't been used in years and there were at least 6 floors. He would have to climb the stairs without being spotted by more of Punchenello's men. Max flew up the stairs and standing there was Finito, Jack jumped out of skin, â€Å"MAX PAYNE! How the hell did you survive that?!?† â€Å"Lets just say an angel was watching over me† â€Å"Your Finito, Finito† and with that Max pulled the trigger on his handgun and blew Jack away. He carried on flying up the stairs still holding his guns firmly between his sweaty palm and fingers, he came to the penthouse door he could hear heavy breathing on the other side of the door. He smashed the door open and saw Punchinello on the phone. Punchinello jumped out of his seat and reached for his gun. â€Å"I wouldn't do that if I were you† Max said in a cocky voice. Punchinello smiled I think that tables have already turned Max. Max felt a guns barrel stick into the back of his head leading him into a chair in front of Punchenello's desk. Max saw him, he was 7ft tall and built like an Ox still pointing his gun straight as Max's forehead. â€Å"Hello Max† He said, Max hid his guns around his back waiting for his back to be turned. Punchenello began to speak to Max about how not to cross paths with serious men † We are dangerous Max, please don't think about making any more business around these parts. We own this town now and we wouldn't think twice about disposing of you†. The large man in front of him pulled the gun away from Max, and Max sighed a sigh of relief. Punchenello carried on talking, but Max wasn't listening he was figuring out how to kill both of them so quickly that no sound could be heard†¦ then Max remembered his blade†¦ with his knife in one hand and his handgun in the other. Max jumped out of his seat and drove the 8-inch knife deep into the hired Assassins back killing him instantly. Max rolled on the floor and jumped up, pumping Punchenello full of lead he could use his finger as a pencil. Someone must of heard the gunshots because the whaling of sirens could be heard in the distance.. Max jumped down the fire escape and ran into the night†¦ then he pulled his slimy, greasy lips over his stained yellow teeth and smiled. The Assassin – Creative Writing Engulfing his surroundings, as it crept out from the opening of his mouth, the smoke slowly drifted away from his lips. He leant back onto the damp wall, creating a haze of thick opaque smog and slowly tilted his head backwards in ecstasy. He gently exhaled into the cold bitter air of the night. Frequently he would be startled by the wail of police sirens, but they became increasingly fainter as they moved further and further away, the occasional barking of a dog and the rustling of leaves through the alleyway in which he was standing were the only other sounds that could be heard. The adrenaline surged throughout his body and he was left fidgeting in anxiety. The potent smell of marijuana was vivid in the depths of the alley where he gripped a neatly rolled and tightly packed cannabis joint; he inhaled deeply and was breathing with deep satisfaction. As the THC floated through his bloodstream and as the dopamine was released in his brain, he suddenly felt tranquilized and more relaxed. He closed his eyes, trying to calm his nerves and he swayed uneasily for a second, before shaking his head and regaining control. The darkness of the early morning was menacing; few stars glittered in the night sky and the subtle glow of the moon was partly concealed by the passing clouds, where black faded into hues of dark blues and deep, daunting violets. The gloom was still surrounding him and the frosty mist shrouded everything wanting to be seen. His shifty eyes watched in anticipation from the corner of an alley way for any kind of living being, while he clenched the revolver that was held in his right hand. The rubber soles of his sneakers were damp from the dew. From his still position, he could see the door of the apartment from the light of a street lamp. He was trying to remain hidden to maintain his stealth. The rest of the scenery was unfocused in his vision, as he stared at the door in expectancy. There was no one to be seen in the empty street. The only breathing creatures around were a few alleyway rats, shuffling around near the dustbins. The sight of marshy greens and soiled browns merged together to create the outlook of a risky situation. He became slightly excited as a midnight blue BMW M3 coupi was approaching from a distance; roaring from afar, before breaking quickly causing a loud screech leaving visible skid marks on the tarmac, the car slid to stop outside the apartment door where it knocked three dustbins over. He noticed the scratch on the driver's side door and the damaged bumper from the collision. Even though the thought of his mission was driving him; he knew it had to be done with care. He kept calm and composed still with the cannabis joint hanging from the tip of his lips. It began to drizzle with rain; he lifted up his hood and placed it over his head to conceal his face. He pushed away from the wall, concentrating on his assignment. He dropped the joint as all of the contents had burnt away and stamped it out. Desperately trying to make as little noise as possible, he stood up straight and prepared himself with not even a prayer in mind, for the sin he was about to commit. A tall middle-aged man emerged from the vehicle; the man looked well off with pinstriped trousers, a white shirt that became drenched instantly due to the precipitation, a colourful tie and a blazer that he slung over his shoulder. He slammed his car door in a manner which made it obvious he was agitated due to his collision with the dustbins. He sighed loudly with disappointment as he observed the damage to the bumper and the scratch. The rain turned from a light drizzle to a heavy shower, the victim walked a couple of paces through the large puddles towards the building. Little did this man know that he was being closely watched, were these the last breaths of his life? He paused at the door while he searched for his keys. As he established the pocket in which his keys were, before he had the chance to reach them, the loud sound of a gunshot echoed through the neighbourhood. A 9mm bullet penetrated through his head like a key in a lock, knocking him to the ground instantly. Within a second, his mind departed the scene of flesh, blood and bones. Tearing his soul away from him, like pulling cotton through a bush of thick thorns. The victim lay there, the most stupid of people would be able to realise that this man was dead. It was a disturbing sight but the assassin still stood in the same position in which he had fired the weapon, with no mercy or reconciliation. The assassin slowly brought the gun back down to his side. He tucked the weapon into the back of his jeans. The assassin withdrew a cigarette from his a box of twenty Silk Cut. He lit it and took a deep draw and exhaled in a way of relief. He poked his head out of the alleyway to check if anyone was in sight, yet nobody but a stray cat was there. The surroundings were still; the atmosphere was damp, depressing and dead. The corpse was lying frozen by the curb. In a cavalier fashion, he walked out of the back alley with his shoulders shrugged in chilliness; his head low in cautiousness, and took a sharp left into a side street towards his carbon black Mercedes SLR. Unexpectedly, the wailing of a distant police siren grabbed his attention. The sound grew louder and louder and it seemed to be coming closer. A single drop of sweat began to form above his brow. What if he had been seen? What if for the first time, he had blown his cover? At that moment, a white police car rapidly passed by as he stood in panic. He sighed in relief and continued towards his automobile, uncaringly rattling his keys in his hand. His firm, steady footsteps represented his attitude, hard, harsh and heartless. He entered his car; seated himself, wedged the key in the ignition, turned on the engine. He took one last look at the scene through his rear view mirror and drove away never to return.

Proposal of Student Jnformation System

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Proposed Research Topic: Shortcoming of IFM Student Management System Meaning of Student information system Student information system is a software application for education establishments to manage student data. Also known as student information management system(SIMS),student record system(SRS), student management system(SMS). Objective of proposal: IFM’s students claim that student management system is very inconvenient to them as the end users of the system during day to day operations.Due to this fact, we will concentrate on enhancing the system functionalities that have proved to have weakness such as to enable the system to calculate GPA at the end of each semester and make the system reliable and available for student to view their results and fee payment. Background: The background of student information system starts from manual management of information like the result to be provided to the notes board where as the area of student to access t he result.This were difficult for the student to access the information due to increase number of student, and the system were moved to computerized that start with SARIS and now SIS but there are a sort of problem. Not only student but also management increased their performance due to shifting from manual operations to computerized operations. Therefore, this project shall be conducted in team work by four members in the IFM (The Institute Of Finance Management)premises which I located at city center opposite to national Museum.The first member is a team leader and he is specialized in projects management, the second member is specialized in research and data analysis, the rest two members are specialized in system development and maintenance process. Shortcoming of Student Management System IFM student management system has proved to have a several problems (shortcoming) regarding to the user who are students. The system seems to be very inconvenient to the users as it is viewed from its different functionalities as demonstrated below: Lack of relevance informationLack of relevance information such as in the module section, because it contains non-relevant subject for example for Bsc. IT module, Audit has been indicated as one of the subject to be selected during second year study where as it not part of subject to be selected or studied by IT student so it lead to confusion and inconvenience during selection of module. It also has poor organization of necessary information, module should be divided based on semester and not year.It should enable user to see the overview/content of each subject for example in case of† IS project† it should shoe the content of this subject so as student should get a picture of what is going to cover regarding to the subject, this will enable student to be aware when selecting an option subject. In case of GPA The system should calculate the students’ GPA at the end of each semester. This shall make student aware of his academic performance so helping him/her to make strategic plan on how to improve his/her performance and enhance seriousness of the student System reliabilityThe system is not reliable because when maintenance or updating information in one of its functionality negatively affect the other functionality for example during uploading of result, student may not even be able to access other functions such as fee payment, home as well as student profile despite the fact that only function that deal with result is maintained. Instead message that says †system is undergoing maintenance† appear and no any function can be accessed. Poor interfaceSystem interface should not require user to scroll down or up so as to access some information instead all information should be arranged in a manner that all features appear to fit to the screen width and height. In results and payment link Information are not integrity, this problem show that the data can be changed at any time when the system used or accessed, for example on result you can look the result on this time are not the same when you will check again it can be good result or bad result but that does not matter, it needed to get expected result.Also in payment link you can check the payment status on this time you are not debt but any time the status will show you are debt. In the student profile link The update of information to the student profile are not reliable, for example the timetable it can be better when a particular student check the timetable in his/her profile to avoid disturbance or any information are needed to be uploaded in student profile to show the accuracy of student to get new or particular information.Also there is problem when you editing information in your profile are not accuracy because you can edit and the system are not respond to make changes or sometime the changes are accepted. In the communication link In case of communication link there is no feedback/notif ication which can make you to know you request are sent or fail. For example you can send the email to the lecture, when you send the email have no notification which show you the email now is sent and there is no feedback from the lecturer to you, from example to tell you your request is on processed wait for a hour or a day.CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Literature review refers to the survey of important articles, books and other sources pertaining to your research topic. This review of the professional literature relevant to your research question will help to contextualize, or frame, your research. It will also give readers the necessary background to understand your research (Joffrey hoffer ). According to Student Management System of IFM we reviewed the whole system, the system tried to accomplish some of the need of the students and management but other task where not ell introduced. The system should be integrate means that the accuracy and consistency of stored data, indicate d by any absence of any alteration in data between two updates of data record (joffrey Hoffer). now the student management system of IFM not integrated due to the reason that the available information are not consistent. User friendly refers as application, equipment, facility, process, or system that is compatible with its intended user’s ability to use it easily and successfully (Balasubramanian,D 2001).According to IFM student management the system failed to maintain user friendly because there is a lot of scrolling in order for the user to see the other information which can reduce user intention. Feedback refers as the process in which the effect or output of an action is ‘returned’ (fed-back) to modify the next action. Feedback is essential to the working and survival of all regulatory mechanisms found living and non-living nature, and in man-made system such as education system (www. businessdictionary. com).In case of IFM student management system, the sy stem does not provide any information when the student provides the communication to the management. CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY According to the problem or shortcoming demonstrated above, there are various ways that can be followed to investigate the real solution to the above problems but for this case â€Å"Rapid Application Development† and Conduct a literature review are the best methodologies to be used to accomplish the proposed project due to the following reasons * Methodologies radically decrease design and implementation time. Close collaboration between users, analysts and managers. System Development Methodology is a standard process followed in an organization to conduct all the steps necessary to analyze, design, implement, and maintain information systems. We suggest using Rapid Application Development (RAD) Methodology RAD is a software development methodology, which involves iterative development and the construction of prototypes. It involves extensive user invol vement, prototyping, JAD sessions, integrated CASE tools, and code generators.Joint Application Design (JAD) is structured process involving users, analysts, and managers. Several-day intensive workgroup sessions. It uses customer involvement and group dynamics to accurately depict the user's view of the business need and to jointly develop a solution. REFERENCES * Modern system analysis and design sixth edition by Jeffrey A. Hoffer, Joey F. George, Joseph S. Valacich. * www. businessdictionary. com * IFM Student Management System * Computer installation and servicing Balasubramanian,D 2001

When Is the PreACT 2018 PreACT Test Dates

When Is the PreACT 2018 PreACT Test Dates SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’re planning to take the ACT, it’s a good idea to take the PreACT, too. This test is essentially a practice ACT for high school sophomores. But exactly when is the PreACT? Are there multiple PreACT test dates you can choose from?We answer these questions and more in this guide. In addition, we give you a few key tips on how to prep for the PreACT. The Short Answer: When Is the PreACT? The exact date on which you can take the PreACT varies depending on the school. Basically, it’s up to each school to decide when (and if) it wants to administer the test. This means that you have no choice when to take the PreACT (it's not like the SAT or ACT for which you can choose a specific test date). If your school or district decides not to offer the PreACT, you won't be able to take it. Schools that do intend to offer it, however, may administer it "any time between September 1 and June 1," according toACT, Inc.In other words, you'll take the testsometime during the school year- never during the summer. Furthermore, you’ll take it at school, most likely on a school day during regular school hours. So no having to wake up early on a Saturday as you need to do for the ACT! The Long Answer: How PreACT Test Dates Work Now for the long answer. There are a few key steps schools must take when deciding whether (and when) to administer the PreACT. Below is the basic timeline: Step 1: Schools Decide Whether to Administer the PreACT First, a school must decide whether it wants to administer the PreACT to students.If it's decided to administer the test, the school then orders the tests directly from ACT, Inc. (Note that students do not order their PreACT tests individually!) If your school hasn’t said anything about holding the PreACT, talk to your guidance counselor to see whether your school will consider offering the test to 10th graders who want to take it. Step 2: Schools Decide When to Hold the PreACT Once a school has chosen to hold the PreACT, it decides when to administer it. Unlike the ACT, which is only offered on certain Saturdays every year, the PreACT is typically held at school on a weekday.The bonus? You’ll be taking the test with students you know at your own school, which can make the testing environment more comfortable for you. As mentioned above, schools may pickany test date between September 1 and June 1.So you could end up taking the PreACT at the start of the school year (similar to the PSAT, which is always offered in October), or you could end up taking it near the end of the school year in May. All of this simply depends on what date your school feels best fits with its schedule. In short, the exact PreACT test date will ultimately be up to your school.Unfortunately, you can’t take the PreACT on a different test date. So if for some reason you’re going to be absent the day of the PreACT, you won’t be able to make it up on a later date. Ifyou’re not sure when your school plans to hold the PreACT,check with your guidance counselor. Step 3: Schools Send Out PreACT Information to 10th Graders In this last step, the school sends out information about the PreACT to its 10th graders. Generally, students will be toldwhen and where the PreACT will be held, how to sign up for it, and how much it’ll cost to take it. The PreACT typically costs $12 per student, but your school might cover all or part of this cost. If you have any questions about how much the test costs or how to register for it, ask your guidance counselor. How to Prep for the PreACT: 3 Essential Tips Now that you understand how PreACT test dates work, you might be wondering whether you should study for the test or just wing it. While the PreACT is certainly not as important as the ACT (or SAT) is, it can be helpful to do some light prep before taking it. This way, you’ll have a clear idea of what ACT score you’re likely to get later on and will be better able to pinpoint your strengths and weaknesses in the major skill areas: English, Math, Reading, and Science. Here are our top three tips for prepping for the PreACT: #1: Learn the Test Format First off, it’s a good idea to spend some time familiarizing yourself with the overall structure of the PreACT. As you might know, the PreACT format is extremely similar to the ACT format: both tests have four main sections (English, Math, Reading, and Science), have similar question types, and use a similar (though not identical) scoring scale (1-35 for the PreACT and 1-36 for the ACT). The only major differences between the PreACT and ACT are as follows: The PreACT is shorter than the ACT: In total, the PreACT is two hours and 10 minutes long (excluding breaks), whereas the ACT is two hours and 55 minutes long (without Writing) and three hours and 35 minutes long (with Writing). The PreACT is slightly easier than the ACT: Since the test is designed as a practice ACT and geared toward 10th graders (instead of 11th and 12th graders, which the ACT targets), its content and overall difficulty is somewhat easier than that on the ACT. The PreACT does not have an essay section: While the ACT includes an optional Writing section at the end of the test, the PreACT has no such writing component. Now, let's take a closer look at the PreACT format: English Math Reading Science Order 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Time 30 minutes 40 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes # of Questions 45 36 25 (with 3 passages) 30 Time per Question 40 seconds 67 seconds 72 seconds 60 seconds Topics Tested Grammar, punctuation, organization, vocabulary, sentence style Integers, algebra, functions, geometry, statistics and probability Reading comprehension, vocabulary, text-based evidence Scientific reasoning skills, data/charts Sources: 2017-18 PreACT Administration Manual and PreACT Interpretive Guide Note that you’ll also get a 10- to 15-minute break between the Math and Reading sections. For more information about the PreACT, check out the resources ACT, Inc. has on its website. In addition, since the PreACT is so similar to the ACT, I suggest looking at our in-depth guide to the ACT format to further acquaint yourself with the PreACT and ACT structures. #2: Set a PreACT Goal Score A goal score is simply the score you're aiming to get on test day. Setting a goal score for the PreACT can help you figure out not just what type of score you want to get on it but also what score you’d like to eventually get on the ACT.Remember that the two tests share many similarities, including a nearly identical score range, so whatever goal score you have for the PreACT can also be used for the ACT. But how do you set a goal score? For the ACT and SAT, the easiest way to set a goal score is to first figure out what colleges you want to apply to. You can then look up each school’s average score range for admitted applicants (for either the ACT or SAT). We talk more about how to do this in our guides to setting a goal score for the ACT and SAT. As a 10th grader taking the PreACT, though, you likely haven’t finalized your list of colleges just yet. In this case, the best thing to do is to think about what schools you’re considering applying to, even if you’re not 100% sure you’ll actually apply to them. Once you’ve made a list of schools and put them in a chart, start looking up each school’s average ACT score range for admitted applicants. The reason you’ll use ACT scores instead of PreACT scores here is twofold: Colleges don’t look at PreACT scores at all (only ACT/SAT scores), so there is no PreACT score info you can use for your research The PreACT is extremely similar to the ACT- so much so that one score on one test roughly translates to the same score on the other test To look up a school’s average ACT scores, search for â€Å"[School Name] ACT PrepScholar† on Google. Look for the link to your school in our college database and click it to see the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile ACT scores for that school. Once you’ve filled out your entire chart, look for the highest 75th percentile score in it- this will be your PreACT goal score (as well as your ACT goal score, though this might change as you update and tweak your list of schools). This particular score is your goal score because it's the score most likely to get you accepted to all the schools you're thinking of applying to. #3: Take an Official ACT Practice Test My last piece of advice for your (very light!) PreACT prep plan is to take an official ACT practice test.Unfortunately, there are no official PreACT practice tests currently available.However, since the ACT is so similar to the PreACT, taking a practice ACT should be just as helpful. Just make sure you're aware of the major differences between the two tests. The ACT practice test will be longer and a little more difficultthan the PreACT will be.While this might seem annoying, it's actually a good thing, as it lets you get a better sense of what kinds of questions will be on the ACT. What's more, as a result of challenging yourself, you might score even higher than you thought you would on the PreACT! Another thing to note is how you take the ACT practice test. It's important tomimic actual testing conditions as closely as possible. In other words,take the test in a quiet room, on paper (not on a computer!), and within official ACT time limits. Once finished, score your results. The score you get on the test will be yourbaseline PreACT/ACT score- that is, the score you start with in your ACT prep. You'll use this score, along with your PreACT/ACT goal score, to figure out the number of points you’ll eventually need to improve by in order to hit your ACT target score. Review: When Is the PreACT? Unlike the ACT, there are no PreACT test dates you can choose from. Each school that plans to hold the PreACT chooses when it wants to administer it. Schools may administer the test any time between September 1 and June 1,and most high schoolsadminister it on a school day. Once a school decides when it will administer the PreACT, it will notify students of the opportunity to take it and provide instructions on how to register and pay for the exam. Some schools cover all or part of the PreACT cost, while others don't. The typical cost is $12 per student. Because the PreACT is basically a practice ACT and isn’t used for college admissions, you don’t need to prep too hard for it. (In fact, many students don’t prep at all- this is totally fine!)That said, it doesn’t hurt to do some light prep before you take the PreACT, especially if you’re hoping to eventually get a high score on the ACT as well. For prep, the best steps to take are to learn the format of the PreACT (and ACT), set a combination PreACT/ACT goal score, and take an official ACT practice test to find your baseline score and get a better feel for the test. What’s Next? Got more questions about the PreACT? Our guide covers everything you need to know about the test, including what it is and why it's offered. As you prep for the PreACT, make sure you understand the format of the ACT, too. Knowing this will give you a head start on ACT prep- and possibly a higher PreACT score! Planning to take the SAT instead of the ACT? Then the PSAT will be a better practice test for you. Learn what the PSAT is and get tips on how to prep for it so you can potentially qualify for National Merit! Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.